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Research

We share insights about enterprise Bitcoin adoption and building an open source financial system.

Research

Inbound Liquidity, Fee Structures, & Loops on Lightning Network Infrastructure

We discuss fee structures for open source Bitcoin banks, with special attention to the case of managing onchain and offchain liquidity, where different usage patterns can accrue dramatically different protocol fees.
Research

Lightning as a Retail Payment System

In this timeless article from 2020, Galoy co-founders Nicolas Burtey and Chris Hunter shared thoughts on how the layered scaling of Bitcoin and the Lightning Network compares to legacy payment and transaction systems.
Research

Visa and Lightning, how do they compare?

This 2019 article lays the foundation for the Lightning Network’s potential global impact by offering a side-by-side comparison to credit card network